Present Perfect Tense

Present Perfect Tense

1.          Understanding Present Perfect Tense

(Pengertian Present Perfect Tense)

Present perfect tense is a verb form used to express an action or situation that has started in the past and has been completed at a given point in time in the past or still continues today .

(Present perfect tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aksi atau situasi yang telah dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih berlanjut sampai sekarang).

2.                 Explanation and Formulas Present Perfect Tense

(Penjelasan dan Rumus Present Perfect Tense)

Present perfect tense is formed with the auxiliary verb "have " or "has " , and the past participle ( verb - 3 ) ​​. Have used for I, you, they, we, while has to he, she, it, and the third person singular . While past participle can be either regular or irregular verb .

Thus the formula for the present perfect tense sentences positive , negative , and interrogative is as following :

(Present perfect tense dibentuk dengan auxiliary verb “have” atau “has”, dan past participle (verb-3). Have digunakan untuk I, you, they, we, sedangkan has untuk he, she, it, dan orang ketiga tunggal. Sedangkan past participle dapat berupa irregular maupun regular verb).

Dengan demikian rumus present perfect tense untuk kalimat positif, negatif, dan interogatif adalah sebagai berikut :

Sentence	Formula Of  Present  Perfect Tense	Examples Of  Present  Perfect Tense
positif     (+)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3/past participle	I have read
		He has left
negatif                 (-)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past participle	I have not read
		He hasn’t left
interogatif    (?)	aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past participle	Have I read
		Has he left

3.                Functions and Example sentence Present Perfect Tense

Functions	Example Sentence  Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense to express past events regardless of when exactly happened .	Can you recommend the most delicious seafood restaurant in this town? Yes, I’ve visited all of them.  (Dapatkah kamu merekomendasikan restoran seafood paling lezat di kota ini? Ya, saya telah mengunjungi semuanya.)
	I’ve read this book.  (Saya sudah membaca buku ini.)
Present perfect tense to indicate that an action happened many times in the past ( adverb of number can be used ) .	She has called you three times. (Dia sudah meneleponmu tiga kali.)
Present perfect tense to express the activity or situation that began in the past and then continued to the present ( not yet completed ) .	I have lived in Cilegon for 3 months. (Saya telah tinggal di Cilegon selama 3 bulan.)
	My brother has worked  already/lately/ up to now. (Saudaraku sudah bekerja sampai sekarang.)
Present perfect tense to talk about events that had just happened ( just adverb can be used ) .	I’ve just sent you an email.  (Saya baru saja mengirimkan kamu email.)
	The rain’s just stopped.  (Hujan baru saja berhenti.)